SOIL Studies

SOIL Studies

2020, Vol 9, Num, 1     (Pages: 011-024)

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilization and Plant Density on Leaf Mineral Element Contents, Capsule Yield, Seed Yield and Morphine Ratio of Poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) Genotypes

Birsen KARABÜK 1 ,Kudret KEVSEROĞLU 2 ,Zeynep DEMİR 3

1 Samsun Directorate of Provincial Agriculture and Forestry, Samsun, Turkey
2 Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, Samsun, Turkey
3 Soil, Fertilizer and Water Resources Central Research Institute, Ankara, Turkey

DOI: 10.21657/topraksu.595974
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Plant density for poppy (Papaver Somniferum L.) and impacts of genotype and nitrogen fertilizer dose applications on total ash, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu contents on poppy leaves, capsule yield, seed yield and morphine ratio were investigated. Two plant density (SD1: 25 plants per m2, SD2: 16 plants per m2), four poppy genotypes (Zaferyolu, Tınaztepe, Ofis 3 and Local line) and four nitrogen fertilizer dose (0, 6, 12 and 18 kg da-1) were used. Experiments were conducted in randomized complete block, split-split plots design with 3 replications for 2 years (2009/10 and 2010/11). While the effect of plant density x nitrogen dose x genotype interaction was statistically significant in terms of the total ash (p<0.01), mineral elements of poppy leaves, capsule yield and seed yield, it was not significant for morphine ratio. The highest capsule yield and seed yield (134.30 kg da-1 and 161.11 kg da-1) were obtained in 12 kg da-1 N treatment of local line genotype at SD1 plant density and the lowest capsule yield and seed yield (67.22 kg da-1 and 76.53 kg da-1) were observed in the without nitrogen of Tınaztepe genotype at SD2 plant density, respectively. Morphine ratios were determined as 0.445%, 0.508%, 0.570% and 0.597% according to N doses (0, 6, 12 ve 18 kg da-1), respectively. With regard to plant density, SD1 (25 plants per m2) was prominent for majority of investigated parameters. As compared to other genotypes, Ofis 3 genotype can be recommended 12 kg da-1 N treatment in terms of mineral nutrient contents of poppy leaves and morphine ratio at SD1 plant density.


Keywords : Genotype, mineral elements, morphine ratio, nitrogen, poppy, plant density, yield