SOIL Studies

SOIL Studies

2012, Vol 1, Num, 1     (Pages: 028-037)

Determination of Toxicity Limits of Cadmium for Wheat and Comparison of Some Extraction Methods

K. Kalınbacak 1 ,İ. Yurdakul 1 ,İ. Gedikoğlu 2

1 Toprak Gübre ve Su Kaynakları Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü, Yenimahalle, Ankara
2 Gençlik ve Spor Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara

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Study aims at determining plant-toxicity levels of Cd which is potentially a toxic heavy metal, in soil and plant. For this purpose 0, 5, 15, 30 and 45 mg kg-1 Cd were applied to soil before sowing. Experiments were conducted in greenhouse condition, and the experimental materials were clay loam and clay-textured soils. Results showed that soil applied Cd (doses) rates have toxic (impact) effect on wheat. When the quantity of soil applied Cd was increased, dry weight of wheat diminished substantially. Highest yield was obtained in control treatments, lowest yield was observed in soil applied Cd of 45 mg kg-1. Increased application of Cd resulted in decline in yield, whereas its concentration in plant (structure) tissues showed an increase. The relationships between Cd concentrations in aboveground parts of plants and dry weight yields were examined, and toxic concentrations were recorded. Additionally, Cd assessment was performed by extraction of applied Cd from soil comparatively with DTPA, EDDHA, EDTA, ammonium acetate (pH 7.0 and 4.8) and nitric acid.


Keywords : Heavy metal, wheat, extraction methods, cadmium, toxic level, soil